01 - Whisk flour, salt, and sugar in a large bowl. Cut in cold butter using a pastry cutter or fingers until mixture resembles coarse crumbs. Gradually add ice water, mixing until dough just comes together. Divide dough in half, flatten into discs, wrap in plastic, and refrigerate for at least 1 hour.
02 - Combine sliced apples with granulated sugar, brown sugar, flour, lemon juice, cinnamon, nutmeg, cloves, and salt in a large mixing bowl. Toss until apples are evenly coated. Set aside.
03 - On a floured work surface, roll one dough disc into a 12-inch round. Carefully fit dough into a 9-inch pie dish, trimming any excess overhang.
04 - Transfer apple mixture into the prepared crust. Dot the surface with small pieces of butter.
05 - Roll remaining dough disc into a 12-inch round. Place over apple filling. Trim edges, fold bottom crust over top, and crimp to seal. Cut several small slits in the top crust to allow steam to escape during baking.
06 - Whisk egg with milk until combined. Brush mixture evenly over the top crust. Sprinkle with coarse sugar if desired.
07 - Preheat oven to 425°F. Bake for 20 minutes. Reduce temperature to 375°F and continue baking for 35-40 minutes until crust is golden brown and filling is bubbling actively through the vents.
08 - Place pie on a wire rack and let cool for at least 2 hours before slicing. This allows the filling to set properly.